Analysis Of Ellen Ullman s A Strong Passionate Woman

Ellen Ullman, a strong, passionate woman, grows up with an ambitious dream of reaching high and aiming for the stars. Defying the social standard, she immerses herself into the male-dominated career of computer programming where she immediately runs straight into a barrier separating her from the path to contentment and success in the workplace. Unlike many women, Ullman found a way to shatter the glass ceiling and rise above, but she cannot discover how to end sexism for all other women across the nation. America is said to be the land of equal-opportunity, but working women are still experiencing great levels of discrimination in the workplace. The root of sexism comes from an abstract way of thinking—stereotypes. Throughout history and still today, the American culture promotes the stereotypes of women being viewed only as the care holders of the family that raise the children and tidy up the house. Sexism does not just affect a few women, because across the nation and for many years, there have been an abundance of accounts of women suffering from discrimination. Women are discriminated against by receiving less pay and subservient jobs due to the stereotypes used against them in the workplace which, in turn, damages both women and businesses directly. In order to push forward through this great injustice, people must start at the elementary level to extinguish stereotypes and allow America’s children to grow with an open mind. Gender discrimination especially targetsShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Edu cation, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Battle of Arsuf in the Crusades

The Battle of Arsuf was fought September 7, 1191, during the Third Crusade (1189-1192). Armies Commanders Crusaders King Richard I the Lionheart of Englandapprox. 20,000 men Ayyubids Saladinapprox. 20,000 men Battle of Arsuf Background Having successfully completed the siege of Acre in July 1191, Crusader forces began moving south. Led by King Richard I the Lionheart of England, they sought to capture the port of Jaffa before turning inland to reclaim Jerusalem. With the Crusader defeat at Hattin in mind, Richard took great care in planning the march to ensure that adequate supplies and water would be available to his men. To this end, the army kept to the coast where the Crusader fleet could support its operations. In addition, the army only marched in the morning to avoid the midday heat and campsites were selected based on the availability of water. Departing Acre, Richard kept his forces in a tight formation with the infantry on the landward side protecting his heavy cavalry and baggage train to seaward. Responding to the Crusaders movements, Saladin began shadowing Richards forces. As Crusader armies had proven notorious undisciplined in the past, he began a series of harassing raids on Richards flanks with the goal of breaking up their formation. This done, his cavalry could sweep in for the kill. The March Continues Advancing in their defensive formation, Richards army successfully deflected these Ayyubid attacks as they slowly moved south. On August 30, near Caesarea, his rearguard became heavily engaged and required assistance before escaping the situation. Assessing Richards route, Saladin elected to make a stand near the town of Arsuf, just north of Jaffa. Arraying his men facing west, he anchored his right on the Forest of Arsuf and his left on a series of hills to the south. To his front was a narrow two-mile wide plain extending to the coast. Saladins Plan From this position, Saladin intended to launch a series of harassing attacks followed by feigned retreats with the goal of compelling the Crusaders to break formation. Once this was done, the bulk of Ayyubid forces would attack and drive Richards men into the sea. Rising on September 7, the Crusaders needed to cover a little over 6 miles to reach Arsuf. Aware of Saladins presence, Richard ordered his men to prepare for battle and resume their defensive marching formation. Moving out, the Knights Templar were in the van, with additional knights in the center, and the Knights Hospitaller bringing up the rear. The Battle of Arsuf Moving onto the plain north of Arsuf, the Crusaders were subjected to hit-and-run attacks beginning around 9:00 AM. These largely consisted of horse archers dashing forward, firing, and immediately retreating. Under strict orders to hold formation, despite taking losses, the Crusaders pressed on. Seeing that these initial efforts were not having the desired effect, Saladin began focusing his efforts on the Crusader left (rear). Around 11:00 AM, Ayyubid forces began increasing the pressure on the Hospitallers led by Fra Garnier de Nablus. The fighting saw mounted Ayyubid troops dash forward and attack with javelins and arrows. Protected by spearmen, the Crusader crossbowmen returned fire and began exacting a steady toll on the enemy. This pattern held as the day progressed and Richard resisted requests from his commanders to allow the knights to counterattack preferring to husband his strength for the right moment while allowing Saladins men to tire. These requests continued, particularly from the Hospitallers who were becoming concerned about the number of horses they were losing. By mid-afternoon, the lead elements of Richards army were entering Arsuf. At the rear of the column, the Hospitaller crossbow and spearmen were fighting as they marched backwards. This led to the formation weakening allowing the Ayyubids to attack in earnest. Again requesting permission to lead his knights out, Nablus was again denied by Richard. Assessing the situation, Nablus ignored Richards command and charged forward with the Hospitaller knights as well as additional mounted units. This movement coincided with a fateful decision made by the Ayyubid horse archers. Not believing that the Crusaders would break formation, they had stopped and dismounted in order to better aim their arrows. As they did so, Nablus men burst from the Crusader lines, overran their position, and began driving back the Ayyubid right. Though angered by this move, Richard was compelled to support it or risk losing the Hospitallers. With his infantry entering Arsuf and establishing a defensive position for the army, he ordered the Templars, supported by Breton and Angevin knights, to attack the Ayyubid left. This succeeded in pushing back enemys left and these forces were able to defeat a counterattack by Saladins personal guard. With both Ayyubid flanks reeling, Richard personally led forward his remaining Norman and English knights against Saladins center. This charge shattered the Ayyubid line and caused Saladins army to flee the field. Pushing forward, the Crusaders captured and looted the Ayyubid camp. With darkness approaching, Richard called off any pursuit of the defeated enemy. Aftermath of Arsuf Exact casualties for the Battle of Arsuf are not known, but is estimated that Crusader forces lost around 700 to 1,000 men while Saladins army may have suffered as many as 7,000. An important victory for the Crusaders, Arsuf boosted their morale and removed Saladins air of invincibility. Though defeated, Saladin quickly recovered and, after concluding that he could not penetrate the Crusaders defensive formation, resumed his harassing tactics. Pressing on, Richard captured Jaffa, but the continued existence of Saladins army prevented an immediate march on Jerusalem. Campaigning and negotiations between Richard and Saladin continued over the next year until the two men concluded a treaty in September 1192 which allowed Jerusalem to remain in Ayyubid hands but permitted Christian pilgrims to visit the city. Resources and Further Reading Military History Online: Battle of ArsufHistory of War: Battle of Arsuf

classical approach - 2209 Words

Change Management STUDENT NAME: STUDENT NUMBER: DATE: 26/03/2014 INTRODUCTION Many flaws can be found with the classical approach, the birth of which is widely accredited to Fredrick Taylor, in particular how employees became bitter and angry with the levels of managerial thuggery (Rose 1988) that Taylor promoted. There already existed high levels of worker-management conflict, and Taylors approach merely heightened the tensions that it had set out to tackle. Taylors view, and later, Henri Fayol s view of how an organisation could be managed solely focused on the productivity of the worker and how efficiently work could be carried out. It did not take into account the morale of employees or any of their emotional needs, resulting†¦show more content†¦Max Weber (1864-1924) developed the theory of bureaucratic management which, similarly to Fayols approach, was focused on the overall structure of an organisation. According to Weber a bureaucracy must have a number of distinct characteristics. It must have a hierarchical chain of command, where each employer is answerable to a superior, therefore power flows from the top down. Division of labour, where each task is broken down into smaller tasks, with different employees working on each separate part of the task. Each employee is selected on merit and qualification only with no bias shown to favourites. Formalised and detailed rules and regulations must be set out. HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH The beginnings of the Human Relations approach can be traced back to studies on worker fatigue which were carried out while the scientific approach was still being established, and it is fair to say that both approaches overlap. Elton Mayo (1880-1949) expanded on these studies in the 1930 s, most notably with his Hawthorn experiments. (_Managing Change. Bernard Burnes)_ Mayo did not believe that workers were only concerned by monetary rewards, but instead suggested that by having their social needs met at work they would in turn be more motivated and their performance would improve. In his experiments he divided workers into groups and studied how their productivity responded to changes in the environment such asShow MoreRelatedThe Neorealist Approach On Classical Realism1625 Words   |  7 PagesThe neorealist approach was initially started by Kenneth Waltz during the second world war. It was a development on classical realism, building upon the ideas of an anarchic international system, whilst also branching away from the classical realist thought. Realism came to be a popular ideology during world war two, but it’s origins go much further back, dating to 431-404 BC Thucydides’ account of the Peloponnesian wars. Within this essay, I will be primarily comparing the works of Hans MorganthauRead MoreClassical Approach to Management1986 Words   |  8 Pagesmarketing and innovation. The problem of this research is how to use the classical approach to management in this researcher s job as a manager and determine how it affects the interlocking functions of formulating corporate policy and organizing, planning, controlling, and directing the firm s resources to achieve the policy s objectives. III. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The researcher aims to use the classical approach to management as a manager, and employ Henri Fayol s general theory of managementRead MoreClassical Theory And Classical Approach Theory Essay759 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Modern Management Concepts Skills, Classical Approach defined as management approach that emphasizes organizational efficiency to increase organizational success (Certo, P. 509). The approach broken into two areas: The Lower Management Analysis focused on â€Å"One Best Way† of do a job. The second area, Comprehensive Analysis of the management concern focused on a universal process including principal of management. Classical management approach theory developed around nineteenth century.Read MoreIs the Classical Approach to Management Obsolete? Essay635 Words   |  3 PagesIs the Classical approach to management obsolete? Critically discuss your views on this matter This essay argues the validity of the classical approach to management today. We cannot deny that businesses and organisations have evolved and changed a lot since the classical theorists, which date from the early twentieth century, but yet the main ideas about management that they gave to society are still sustainable today. The classical organisation theory represents the merger of scientific managementRead MoreElements Of The Classical And Behavioral Approach To Management1028 Words   |  5 Pages Explain how McDonalds uses elements of the Classical AND the Behavioral approaches to management. McDonalds uses elements of the Classical approach to management in several ways. The approach focuses on maximizing efficiency and productivity. Some other interrelated approaches are scientific management, administrative theory, and the bureaucracy theory. This theory can also be related to theorist Fredrick Taylor. The scientific management was created to analyze and synthesize workflow. He believedRead MoreClassical And Modernist Approach Of Business Organization Essay1567 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This essay contains the classical and modernist approach of business organization. Both these theories are very important for an organization to run smoothly. It actually give the managers the base to make the managerial decisions. Classical theory talks about the Henry Fayol’s principles of organization and the modernist theory explains the logical reasons for the making the decision. This essay also contains the information if the logical and modern theories are applicable in the presentRead MoreClassical Management Theories : Scientific Approach1556 Words   |  7 Pagesthis paper will discuss the classical management theories: scientific approach by F. W. Taylor (1856-1915) , and their relevance in modern world in public or private organization structure and behavior. . The theories were modernized and adapted with the today’s world organizational system Scientific management Frederick Winslow Taylor described in, â€Å"The Principles of Scientific Management†, How to manage workers application of the scientific management could greatly improve productivity. ScientificRead MoreThe Comparison of Classical Approach and Human Relation Approach in Organisation Studies2990 Words   |  12 Pagesperformance. This paper will discuss about the two theories about management. The comparison, the nature, and the origin of these theories will be presented in this paper. 2.The Theories of Organisation Studies -The Classical Approach- The origin of Classical Approach carried out initially in the early part of the century, by such scientist as Frederick W. Taylor, Henri Fayol, Urwick, etc. Most of them were laying the fundamental for a comprehensive theory of management (Mullins, 2005).Read MoreClassical Management Approach During The 19th Century1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe classical management approach emerged during the 19th and 20th century. The factory system that existed in the 1800s posed challenges that were not encountered by the earlier organizations. Problems arose in tooling the plants, organizing managerial structure, training employees, scheduling complex manufacturing operations and dealing with increased labor dissatisfaction and resulting strikes. These new problems demanded an approach to coordination, control and new sub-species of economic manRead MoreClassical Management Approach And Human Resources Management3365 Words   |  14 Pagesorganizations i.e. classical management approach and hum an resources management approach. Both the concepts are explained in detail with their importance, implication, and drawbacks. The report then linked both the approaches with operations of the organization for which Coles, which is one of the leading retail names in Australia; its business is spread across the country. The report gives a clear picture of how Coles has used and implemented the classical as well as the human resource approach in its operations

Famine, Affluence, And Morality - 1555 Words

Nowadays, the process of globalization strengthens the connections between numerous countries across the world, and enables people living in developed countries to help those who are experiencing famine, deaths and diseases in poor countries. However, the moral necessity of doing so has been controversial in human’s society for years. One philosopher named Peter Singer gives his opinion in the article â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, and presents a powerful argument supporting his claim. In this essay, I will explain his conclusion and main argument, propose one objection to his argument, and evaluate the validity of my objection by considering possible response that Peter Singer would make to my objection. Addressed in his essay â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, Peter Singer’s full assertion is that, it is morally wrong for people to spend money on morally insignificant things instead of spending money to prevent suffering and dying from prev entable diseases and famine. He begins his argument with the first premise: â€Å"suffering and death from lack of food, shelter, and medical care are bad.†(231) Such premise is direct, simple, accepted by most people in the society. Peter Singer hence take such assumption as accepted by the readers and quickly moves to his next premise. In his second premise, Peter Singer asserts that â€Å"if it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we ought, morally,Show MoreRelatedFamine Affluence And Morality1963 Words   |  8 PagesIn â€Å"Famine, Affluence and Morality,† Peter Singer emphasizes the potential revisionary implications of accepting utilitarianism as a guide for conduct. The moral philosophy Singer conveys in this text are most closely related and comparable to the ideas of nineteenth-century English philosopher, John Stuart Mill as Singers’ approach is utilitarian rat her than deontological. Despite their similarities, the ideas of Singer and J.S Mill contain many discrepancies, especially with regard to whether theyRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality1663 Words   |  7 PagesSinger’s Famine, Affluence, and Morality Ametra Heard PHI208 Ethics and Moral Reasoning Instructor Zummuna Davis January 14, 2013 Singer’s Famine, Affluence, and Morality In the Peter Singer’s article â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, he discusses the way that people should take moral in their help toward the support of the Bengal famine crisis. Singer states three obligations that would help the Bengal region through the means of a wealthy person, and those individuals living life on a dayRead MoreFamine, Affluence, And Morality906 Words   |  4 PagesWithin â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality† Peter Singer delves into the topic of famine; specifically, the moral obligations individuals in affluent countries have to those who are suffering. In his example, Singer focuses on the population of East Bengal, and their struggle with famine and extreme poverty. Singer proposes that with enough aid from both individuals and various governments extreme poverty can be eradicated. Therefore, the question he presents is why poor people are dying while affluentRead MoreFamine, Affluence, And Morality1991 Words   |  8 PagesWoj tek Sokà ³Ã…‚ Phi 115-002 Ethics – Final Paper Famine, Affluence, and Morality Peter Singer Jimmy carter once said, We know that a peaceful world cannot long exist, one-third rich and two-thirds hungry. With the world now more interconnected than ever there might be a solution to world hunger by distribution of wealth. Peter Singer, in his article titled, Famine, Affluence, and Morality, takes this concept of unity that we have on a global scale and tries to tackle the issue of world hunger. BeforeRead MoreFamine, Affluence, and Morality Essay892 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article by Singer, P. (1972) â€Å"Famine, affluence, and morality† main argument is that to persuade his readers in what people of wealth and governments should help with famine relief, especially in East Bengal as one example given. Singer is furthermore also mention somewhat of and utilitarianism. Therefore, according to Mosser, K. (2010) â€Å"A concise introduction to philosophy† states that the â€Å"act utilitarianism applies the idea of utilitarianism to specific acts, emphasizi ng what moral isRead More Famine, Affluence, and Morality Essay2027 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality,† Peter Singer is trying to argue that â€Å"the way people in relatively affluent countries react to a situation†¦ cannot be justified; indeed,†¦ our moral conceptual scheme needs to be altered and with it, the way of life that has come to be taken for granted in our society†(Singer 230). Peter Singer provides striking examples to show the reader how realistic his arguments are. In this paper, I will briefly give a summary ofRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality by Peter Singers929 Words   |  4 Pages In this essay I will be arguing why a utilitarian could possibly disagree with Peter Singers Argument presented in â€Å"Famine, Affluence and Morality.† After reading such an interesting paper I must say as much as I disagreed with Singers viewpoints I almost found it difficult to object them with support. From a utilitarian point of view we are to maximize Happiness by reducing suffering. How can Giving possible make someone unhappy? But as I was thinking a saying came across my mind, â€Å"Two steps forwardRead MoreFamine, Affluence, and Morality Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesFamine, Affluence, and Morality Websters English Dictionary defines morality as: the conformity to ideals of right human conduct. With this in mind, I wonder who determines right human conduct? Religion aside, there is no literary context that strictly states the rights and wrongs of human behavior. So who decides? Who determines what we ought morally to do and what we are obligated to do as a society? An Australian philosopher, Peter Singer attempts to draw the line between obligationRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality by Pete Singer1045 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article, â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, Pete Singer, a Utilitarian, argues that citizens in affluent countries such as the United States have a moral obligation to give up as much as they can for famine relief. Singer’s contention in his article is that the way we morally conduct ourselves ought to be reappraised. (Singer, 230). I Singer’s argument, and in this paper, I will examine the distinction between duty a nd charity, compare both deontological and consequential theories of ethicsRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality by Peter Singer1486 Words   |  6 PagesIn his own essay â€Å"Famine, Affluence and Morality†, Peter Singer puts forth some compelling arguments for affluent people to give what they have in excess, to the suffering people of the world. Before any criticism is made, here is the argument: - There are people suffering and dying from lack of food, shelter and medical care. - People suffering and dying from lack of food, shelter and medical care is bad. - If you have the power to prevent something bad from happening without sacrificing †¨anything

Family and Young Boy Charley Free Essays

Book Report â€Å"For One More Day†, By Mitch Albom Made by: Kitti Kristanti, Sec 1d For One More Day â€Å"This is a story about a family, and as there is a ghost involved, you might call it a ghost story. But every family is a ghost story  . The dead sit at our tables long after they have gone. We will write a custom essay sample on Family and Young Boy Charley or any similar topic only for you Order Now † This is a beautiful, haunting novel about the family we love and the chances we miss. It explores the question, â€Å"What would you do if you could spend one more day with the ones you love? †Ã‚   The story  covers a conversation  Charley Benetto has with a sports writer. Throughout the conversation he goes back and forth between  the one last day he had with his mother and the important  events in his life, sharing his feelings– both past and present– about them. I particularly enjoyed the   way he shared throughout the book little vignettes of the times his mother stood up for him and the times he didn’t stand up for her. As a mother myself, I couldn’t help wondering if someday my own children would be able to look back and see with clarity the sacrifices I have made for them. Throughout the book I ‘heard’ some of the same things from the young boy Charley that I hear from my own children. It was rewarding and brought hope to see him come to a realization of how his interpretation of the events had been inaccurate and skewed by emotions in the moment. Perhaps my children will also understand someday As a young boy Charley Benetto makes the choice to be a daddy’s boy and does everything his father asks him to. Then his father disappears, leaving a broken family and an embarrassing situation for the young Charley to endure. Being raised by a single mother has it’s challenges and plenty of embarrassment, many that Charley takes out on his mother. â€Å"So he chooses his father, and he worships him- right up to the day the man disappears. An eleven-year-old Charley must then turn to his mother, who bravely raises him on her own, despite Charley’s emabarrassment and yearning for a complete family. †   Ã¢â‚¬ Decade later, Charley is a broken man. His life has been crumbled by alcohol and regret. He loses his job. He leaves his family. He hits bottom after discovering his only daughter has shut him out of her wedding. And he decides to take his own life. † â€Å"He makes a midnight ride to his small home-town, with plans to do himself in. But upon failing to do that, he staggers back to his old house, only to make an astonishing discovery. His mother- who died eight years earlier- is still living there, and welcomes him home as if nothing had ever happened. † â€Å"What follows is the one ‘ordinary’ day so many of us yearn for, a chance to make good with a lost parent, to explain family secrets, and to seek forgiveness. Somewhere between this life and the next, Charley learns the things he never knew about his mother and her sacrifices. And he tries, with her tender guidance, to put the crumbled pieces of his life back together. † I related to this story on many levels. As a single mother myself I could relate to many of the experiences described and gained insight into what my children may be experiencing as a result of events they have no control over. As a daughter  who has at times experienced a  strained relationship with my own mother,   I gained  valuable insights into my own childhood memories and interpretations and was  reminded, again, that there is much more to the story that I do not completely understand. And as always– the betrayal revealed in the end made the recent and  painful betrayal of my own life seem small and insignificant in comparison. This clever story, told in Mitch’s masterful storytelling style, has left me with a new appreciation and understanding for those I love and has motivated me to be more intentional in valuing and cherishing the relationships I enjoy with those I love so that I will not be left with regrets for the experiences and the love lost. I highly recommend this book to anyone who has ever been a part of a family, who has ever lived with regrets, and who has ever questionned the value of their very existence. How to cite Family and Young Boy Charley, Essay examples

The Effect of Stress on University Students free essay sample

The effects of stress on university students. What is the stress? Stress is very common in everyones life is one thing, because the stress of life changes challenging. but also be able to struggle and contradictions from the peoples inner world. In addition, the stress also plays a very important role in the lives of students. Good stress on students self to a higher level. Stress can also lead to the physical health of students affected, academic, and dealing with people has also been seriously affected, especially university students. The five main causes of stress among university students are the new university environment, the new relationship, the competitive circumstances and exams, a lack of proper time-management techniques and parental pressure. The above five factors leading to university students emotional, behavioural and physiological be severely affected. The changes of emotional is one of effect of these stress. The emotion will change anytime. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Stress on University Students or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example , the student felt emotionally and the emotion will stop he or she from studying, because of this, examination results will be disastrous, . If they felt very stress on their study , they will yelled at family or friends. This factor will lead to the relations of family and friends misunderstanding. They felt that their work suddenly built up so much so that they felt like crying, and this will caused cannot hand in homework on time. They also felt emotionally drained by university and let them feel that their future is a confusion. Furthermore, the behavioural of the student also affected. They felt they were lazy when it came to university work and they procrastinated on assignments. After that , they were distracted in class and unable to study. They had trouble concentrating in the class and tried to avoid the class The attendance rate of less than cause unable to attend the year-end examination and . They also have trouble to remember the notes given by lecturer and always failed in the exam. They started to use alcohol or drugs to reduce the stress they faced and it will also damage the health of the body. In addition, they couldn’t breathe when they felt stress. They had difficulty eating when the examination is coming. They couldn’t sleep at night